Apparatus for evaporating naphtha



(No Model.)` 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. J W EVANS APPARATUS FOR EVAPORATING NAPHTHAt No. 449,215.

Patented Mar. 31, 189A.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

' J. W. EVANS.

APPARATUS POR EVAPEATING NAPHTHA.

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(No Model.) l 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

J. W. EVANS. APPARATUS PoR VEVAPORA'JTING NAPHTHA. No. 449,215. Patented Mar. 31, 1891.

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UNTTED STATES PATENT y.terreur JOHN W. EVANS, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO,

APPARATUS FOR EVAPORATING NAPHTHA.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 449,215, dated March 31, 1891.

Application filed May 10,1890. Serial No. 351,275. (No model.)

T0 all whom, it 77u01/ concern-.-

Be it known that I, JOHN `\V. EVANS, of Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Evaporating Naphtha; andl do ,hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, sueh as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in evaporators designed more especially for evaporating naphtha from oil; and it consists in certain features Of construction and in combination of vparts hereinafter described, and pointed ont in the claims.

In the naphtha process of extracting oil, for instance,from seeds the seeds are ground and placed in large percolators, andthe latter are then filled with hot naphtha for eX- tracting the oil. At the end of this process the united oil and naphtha are drawn froma percolatorinto an evaporator, where the naphthais evaporated, and the vaporthereof passes to a condenser, from whence the liquid naphtha is returned to its tank to be again used for the same purpose. As the percolator is likely to hold, say, a thousand bushels of meal, more or less, and at the same time to be charged with, say, a hundred and fifty barrels (more or less) of naphtha, and as there is likely to be a number of such percolators in constant operation, itis evident that t-he evaporator must be of large size and constructed so as to do its work with dispatch.

In evaporating the naphtha only a moderate heat should be applied, for the reason, lirst, that too much heat will seorch and injure the oil, and, second, it is not desirable or prudent to heat naphtha to a high degree. It will therefore bc understood that the evaporator should be so arranged and be provided with such appliances that the naphtha may be quickly evaporated with the minimum degree of heat. To this end I have devised the evaporator and connected mechanism illus trated in the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a viewin perspective. Fig. 2 is an elevation in longitudinal section on line w a, Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is an elevation in transverse section on line y y, Fig. 2.

A represents the evaporator, constructed, preferably, of boiler-iron and of approximately the form shown and of such size as will have the necessary capacity for holding a batch of oil and naphtha from at least one percolator. At the top of the evaporator the walls thereof are extended laterally in one direction, the one above the other, as shown at A A2, these walls connecting with a semicircular plate A3. The end walls and plate A3 are provided with iianged openings at a, leading into eduction-pipes a', that ma;T be attached at either or both ends of the evaporator and at the side for conducting the naphthavapor to a condenser. (Not shown.) Vith such construction it is evident that the naphtha-vapor may have free passage to the eduction pipe or pipes a', and has not to travel lengthwise of the evaporator to find an outlet, as would be the case were there one or more eduction-pipes connected with the top of the evaporator.V On the inside of the evaporator, and located near the bottom thereof, is a coil of steam-pipes B, and just above this coil is located a series of perforated stea1n-pipesB for admitting live steam into the liquid in the evaporator. Pipes B usually connect with the coil B by valves B2 to control er shut off the steam to or from pipes B. Located above pipes B are agitators, each comprising a large heavy axial tube C, bearing a series of hollow radial arms C', these arms consisting, preferably, of tubes with caps to close the outer ends, these arms being screwed into threaded holes in tubes C. Tubes C extend out through suitable boxes and stufling-boxes at the ends of the evaporator, the two tubes C being intergeared, preferably, as shown at c c, so as to turn in opposite directions, and on one of these tubes is mounted a driving-pulley C2. The one end of each tube C connects with a steam-pipe, and the other end is usually reduced in size and provided with a cock, as shown at; C3, by manipulating which cock a slight discharge of steam is had to give circulation of steam` through the agitators to keep them heated.

D D are troughs extending approximately the internal length of the evaporator, these troughs being arranged, preferably, substan` tially as shown, each trough being heated by IOO steam for the purpose of heating the upper section ofthe evaporator of the in closed chainber to prevent, as far as possible, the condensation of the naphtha-vapor and to catch any condensed naphtha that there may be and revaporize the same by means of the heat of the troughs. These troughs are preferably constructed with double walls, as shown more clearly in Fig. 2, so that steam maybe admitted into the chambers of each trough. The troughs are located, as shown, some distance apart, so that the vapor may have free passage between the troughs, and so that the troughs will catch any condensed naphtha from above. A system of pipes and returnbends connect the differenttroughs, and these are supplied with steam through pipe tl, leading, preferably, to and connecting with the coil of .pipe B, although these troughs may be supplied with steam from other source, if for any reason it is found more convenient to do so. The last trough of the series should be pro-vided with a cock, as shown at (Z, to give circulation of steam through the troughs. A trough constructed with a single wall and having a steam-pipe extending lengthwise and resting on the internal bottom thereof would answer fairly well, but would not be so etfective in heatingthe upper section ofthe evaporator. Hence the construction shown, although more costly, is preferred.

E is a vacuum-valve opening inward to prevent the evaporator from collapsing in case of a partial vacuum being formed therein by the vapors being condensed too suddenly in the condenser.

F is a glass gage of ordinary construction for showing the depth of liquid in the evaporator. There is a large opening at one end of the evaporator for introducing the coils of pipe, this opening being closed by removable plate G, portions ot' which may be seen in Fig. I; also, is provided a man-hole and plate, (shown at H.) Large si ght-holes are provided at I on either end of the evaporator, these orifices being elosed/b/y glass plates that admit light inside ,the evaporators, and through which the/.operation going on inside the evaporator may be inspected.

J is a pipe for admitting the material to the evaporator, and K is a pipe for drawing off the oil.

Il is an oil-well of ordinary construction, consisting of outer and inner tubes joined at the outer ends, the inner end of the inner tube being closed and the inner end of the outer tube extending into the container. A thermometer Z is inserted lin the inner tube to determine the temperature of the liquid in the still.

In operating the device, the evaporator having been charged with a mixture of oil and naphtha, say, to near the line of the bottom troughs, iirst steam is admitted to coil B to heat the liquid. A large per cent. of the naphtha is readily evaporated by this means.

Next steam is admitted to the perforated pipes, and the agitator is also set in motion, being heated meantime with steam. This is continued until the naphthais entirely evaporated from the oil, which may be readily determined by observing the discharge of the condenser to see when the condensed .naphtha ceases to flow from the condenser, leaving a discharge only of water from the condensed steam. The oil is then drawn otfthrough pipe K, and the evaporator is again charged through pipe .T and is ready for another operation.

lVhat I claim isl. The combination, with an evaporator, of one or more horizontal steam-heated troughs located internally along the upper section of the evaporator and adapted to catch and retain condensed vapor and revaporize the same, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with an evaporator, of horizontal troughs -located in the evaporator, substant-iallyv as indicated, and adapted to catch and retain condensed vapor and revaporize the same, such troughs having double walls inclosing steam chambers, and pipes connected with these chambers for supplying steam thereto, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with an evaporator having a heating-coil and perforated steampipes arranged substantially as indicated, of agitators comprising axial pipes having attach ed hollow radial arms with appliances for introducing steam to such agita-tors, the latter being intergeared to turn in opposite d irections, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I sign this specification, in the presence of two witnesses, this 24th day of April, 1800.

JOHN IV. EVANS.

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